These are easy if you know " FOIL ". That's a procedure that takes you through multiplying two binomials.
FOIL stands for -- F irst terms -- O utside terms --*** I nside terms -- *** L ast terms
and that's how you keep everything straight while you're doing it.
(ax + b) x (cx + d)
Multiply First terms . . . 'ax' times 'cx' = acx²
Multiply Outside terms . . . 'ax' times 'd' = adx
Multiply Inside terms . . . 'b' times 'cx' = bcx
Multiply Last terms . . . 'b' times 'd' = bd
Now addummup:
(ax + b) x (cx + d) = acx² + adx + bcx + bd
From there, you can look for opportunities to make it look cleaner and prettier ... factoring, combining like terms, etc.
a * c * x 2 + a * x d + b * c x + b * d = ac x 2 + ( ad + bc)x + bd.
To expand the expression ( a x + b ) ( c x + d ) , use the FOIL method. This results in a c x 2 + ( a d + b c ) x + b d . Finally, combine like terms where applicable.
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