Although the Constitution states that the Vice President is vested with the power to preside over the Senate, the Vice President is often not in attendance. Instead the "pro tempore" presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not present and typically those presiding over the Senate are junior Senators.
If visiting the Senate chamber, the session is likely to be presided over by the vice president or the president pro tempore. The Senate majority leader, while influential, typically doesn't preside but manages Senate business and scheduling.
If you visit the Senate chamber during a session on an average day, you are most likely to find the session presided over by either the vice president of the United States or, in their absence, by the president pro tempore. The vice president is the Senate's official presiding officer, but they often delegate this duty to the president pro tempore, who is usually the most senior senator of the majority party.
Though the Senate majority leader is the most influential member of the Senate and is responsible for setting the schedule and overseeing floor activity, they do not typically preside over the Senate. This distinction is essential to understanding the structure and operation of the Senate. The majority leader does have the right of first recognition during floor debates, which is a strategic tool in managing legislation.
It is also noted that while in the House of Representatives, the speaker has considerable power, in the Senate, the presiding officer is not the most visible member and only votes in the event of a tie. This illustrates a significant difference in the roles and influence between the two legislative bodies.
In the Senate chamber during a session, the likely presiding officer is the Senator pro tempore. This role is filled by a senior member of the majority party when the Vice President is not present. The pro tempore ensures proper legislative procedures are followed and maintains order during sessions.
;