I can tell you that the first five elements of the periodic table does not obey the octet rule. The only reason for that is because they are trying to be like their closest noble gas which will be helium in this case.
The substance that does not obey the Lewis octet rule is (b) NO (Nitric oxide) because it has 11 valence electrons, making it impossible for all the participating atoms to have an octet. In contrast, N₂, CF₄, and Ar all obey the octet rule. NO’s odd number of valence electrons means one atom ends up with fewer than 8 electrons.
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