To cut off the supply route connecting the west (England, Spain and France) to the east (India, China, etc) it was also a short cut that the British wanted to control
Capturing the Suez Canal was vital for the Axis powers because it would disrupt British trade routes, provide access to essential resources, and enhance military strategy in North Africa. The canal's strategic location also represented a significant psychological victory over Britain. Control of this waterway would shift the balance of power in the region.
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