three of the most obvious ways the density of an ocean (can be applied to any body of water) are ->
temperature (colder water is denser down to 4 degrees c, but anything between 4 and 0 degrees c is lighter and floats to the top (that's why the top of water freezes before the bottom :) ) )
solute percentage ( in oceans a main solute is salt - we put more salt into the ocean and it gets denser, we filter out the salt and the water gets less dense)
population & pollution ( fish or soda cans don't directly change water density, but the waste products and disolved rust make it denser)
The density of ocean water can increase through cooling, increased salinity, or the formation of ice. Cooling causes water molecules to come closer together, while evaporation and ice formation increase salinity. These processes are vital for ocean circulation and climate regulation.
;