Give reasons for the following:
1. After you have bathed with hot water in winter, you find droplets of water on the bathroom mirror.
2. Clothes dry faster in summer than in winter.
3. Sheena wanted to drink chilled juice, so she kept the juice in the freezer. After a few hours, she found it was impossible to drink.
4. The pond near Payal's house dries up during the summer.
Answer (2)
Let's explain each of these situations:
After you have bathed with hot water in winter, you find droplets of water on the bathroom mirror.
This is due to a process called condensation. When you take a hot water shower, the steam (water vapor) from the hot water rises and comes in contact with the cooler surface of the mirror. The temperature of the mirror is lower than that of the steam, especially in winter, so the water vapor cools down fast and changes back into liquid droplets on the mirror surface.
Clothes dry faster in summer than in winter.
This is because drying clothes involves evaporation, which is faster when both temperature and sunlight are higher. In summer, the higher temperatures and increased exposure to direct sunlight provide more energy for the water molecules in the clothes to evaporate into the air quickly. Conversely, in winter, temperatures are lower, and there's often less direct sunlight, slowing down the evaporation process.
Sheena wanted to drink chilled juice, so she kept the juice in the freezer. After a few hours, she found it was impossible to drink.
When the juice is placed in the freezer, the low temperatures cause the juice to freeze if left long enough. Freezing turns the liquid juice into a solid (ice), making it impossible to drink in liquid form. Freezers are designed to keep temperatures below 0°C (32°F); therefore, liquids like juice will eventually freeze if left inside for too long.
The pond near Payal's house dries up during the summer.
During summer, increased temperatures cause higher rates of evaporation. Water from the pond evaporates into the air faster due to the heat. Additionally, if there’s less rainfall and higher temperatures, the water levels are not replenished quickly enough, leading to the pond drying up.
The questions involve principles of condensation, evaporation, and freezing. Condensation on mirrors occurs due to steam cooling, while clothes dry faster in summer because of higher temperatures and sunlight. Freezing juice and ponds drying in summer are both results of temperature effects on liquids and evaporation rates.
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