Complete the table below.
| Type of Plate Boundary | Relative Motion of the Plates | Geologic Features/Events Present |
|---|---|---|
| Divergent | | |
| Convergent | | |
| Transform Fault | | |
Answer (1)
In Geography, the movement of tectonic plates is studied under plate tectonics. The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere. The interactions at the boundaries of these plates cause various geologic phenomena. Here's a detailed explanation of the different types of plate boundaries and their characteristics:
Divergent Plate Boundary
Relative Motion of the Plates : At divergent boundaries, tectonic plates move away from each other. This is often associated with seafloor spreading where new oceanic crust is formed.
Geologic Features/Events Present : These boundaries are characterized by the formation of mid-ocean ridges, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. They can also lead to rift valleys in continental settings, like the East African Rift.
Convergent Plate Boundary
Relative Motion of the Plates : At these boundaries, plates move towards each other. This can result in one plate being forced below another in a process known as subduction.
Geologic Features/Events Present : Convergent boundaries can create mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, when two continental plates collide. Subduction zones can form volcanic arcs, like the Andes or the volcanic islands of Japan. They are also associated with earthquakes.
Transform Fault Boundary
Relative Motion of the Plates : Plates slide past each other horizontally at transform faults. Unlike convergent and divergent boundaries, there is no creation or destruction of the lithosphere.
Geologic Features/Events Present : The most well-known example of a transform fault boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California. These boundaries are known for causing earthquakes as the plates grind past each other.
Understanding these boundaries helps in explaining the distribution of earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain-building processes on Earth. It's crucial for geologists and seismologists studying Earth's dynamic surface.
