Which statement describes the relationship of voltage and current?
A. Voltage is directly proportional to current because I =
B. Voltage is inversely proportional to current because I = X-
C. Voltage is directly proportional to current because I = VR.
D. Voltage is inversely proportional to current because I = VR.
Answer (2)
Ohm's Law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
Ohm's Law is mathematically expressed as V = I R .
Current is directly proportional to voltage, expressed as I = R V .
The correct statement is: Voltage is directly proportional to current because I = R V .
Explanation
Understanding the Problem The question asks about the relationship between voltage and current. We need to identify the correct statement that describes this relationship based on Ohm's Law.
Recalling Ohm's Law Ohm's Law states that the voltage (V) across a conductor is directly proportional to the current (I) flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature remain constant. Mathematically, this is expressed as: V = I R where R is the resistance.
Expressing Current in terms of Voltage and Resistance From Ohm's Law, we can express the current (I) as a function of voltage (V) and resistance (R): I = R V This equation shows that current is directly proportional to voltage when resistance is constant.
Analyzing the Options Now, let's analyze the given options:
Option 1: Voltage is directly proportional to current because / = (incomplete equation)
Option 2: Voltage is inversely proportional to current because / = X- (incorrect relationship and incomplete equation)
Option 3: Voltage is directly proportional to current because /= VR. (correct relationship and equation)
Option 4: Voltage is inversely proportional to current because | = VR. (incorrect relationship and equation)
Option 3 correctly states that voltage is directly proportional to current and provides the correct equation (although it's written as /= VR, it should be interpreted as I = V/R).
Conclusion Therefore, the correct statement is: Voltage is directly proportional to current because I = R V .
Examples
Ohm's Law is fundamental in electrical engineering and is used in designing circuits. For example, if you want to increase the current flowing through a resistor in a circuit, you can increase the voltage. Understanding this relationship helps in designing efficient and safe electrical systems. Knowing how voltage and current relate allows engineers to calculate power dissipation, select appropriate components, and ensure circuits operate within desired parameters. This principle is crucial in everything from designing smartphone chargers to large-scale power distribution networks.
The relationship between voltage and current is defined by Ohm's Law, which states that voltage is directly proportional to current when resistance is constant. The correct answer choice is C, although it presents a misstatement of the equation. The accurate formulation is expressed as I = R V , demonstrating the direct proportionality.
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