Bill visits his doctor, who advises him that his smoking has placed him at increased risk for coronary heart disease.
Which effect is LEAST likely to contribute to his risk of coronary heart disease as a result of smoking?
A. promotion of plaque formation
B. acceleration of heart rate
C. carbon monoxide displacing oxygen
D. elevation of high-density lipoprotein
Answer (2)
The effect least likely to contribute to Bill's risk of coronary heart disease due to smoking is the elevation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), as smoking typically lowers HDL levels. Other effects of smoking, such as promoting plaque formation, accelerating heart rate, and carbon monoxide displacing oxygen, contribute significantly to heart disease risk. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: elevation of high-density lipoprotein.
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Smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease through several mechanisms, but the elevation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the least likely factor contributing to this risk. Smoking typically lowers HDL levels, which are protective against heart disease. Understanding these effects helps clarify how smoking impacts heart health. ;
