An electric device delivers a current of [tex]$15.0 A$[/tex] for 30 seconds. How many electrons flow through it?
Answer (2)
Barium is more reactive than copper.
Copper cannot displace barium from barium chloride solution.
The reaction between copper and barium chloride will not occur.
The correct equation is: C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) → no reaction. C u < B a , no reaction
Explanation
Understanding Reactivity In a single replacement reaction, a more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from its compound. To determine whether copper or barium is more reactive, we need to refer to the activity series of metals.
Comparing Reactivity Barium (Ba) is an alkaline earth metal and is located higher in the activity series than copper (Cu). This means barium is more reactive than copper. Therefore, copper cannot displace barium from barium chloride ( B a C l 2 ).
Predicting the Reaction Outcome Since copper is less reactive than barium, no reaction will occur between solid copper and barium chloride solution.
Selecting the Correct Equation Now, let's examine the given equations: i. 2 C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u pC l 2 ( g ) + B a C u 2 ( a q ) ii. C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u pC u B a C l 2 ( s ) iii. 2 C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u pB a ( s ) + 2 C u C l ( a q ) iv. C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u p no reaction
Since copper is less reactive than barium, none of the first three reactions will occur. The correct equation is: iv. C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u p no reaction
Final Answer Therefore, barium is more reactive than copper, and the correct equation is: C u ( s ) + B a C l 2 ( a q ) i g h t ha r p oo n u p no reaction
Examples
Single replacement reactions are commonly used in various industrial processes, such as metal refining and purification. For example, a more reactive metal like zinc can be used to extract silver from a silver nitrate solution. This principle is also applied in the production of certain alloys and in the removal of unwanted metal ions from solutions. Understanding the activity series and predicting the outcome of single replacement reactions is crucial in these applications to ensure efficient and effective chemical processes.
The total charge delivered by a device with a current of 15.0 A over 30 seconds is 450 C. This charge corresponds to approximately 2.81 x 10^21 electrons flowing through the device. Thus, when the device operates under these conditions, around 2.81 trillion trillion electrons pass through it.
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