What leads to the formation of an ionic bond with $Hg^{2+}$?
A. the attraction of a noble gas
B. the attraction of an $NH_4^{+}$ ion
C. the attraction of a group 1 element
D. the attraction of an $SO_4^{2-}$ ion
Answer (2)
Ionic bonds form between oppositely charged ions.
H g 2 + is a cation with a +2 charge.
S O 4 2 − is an anion with a -2 charge.
The attraction between H g 2 + and S O 4 2 − leads to ionic bond formation: $\boxed{the attraction of an S O 4 2 − ion}.
Explanation
Understanding Ionic Bond Formation We are asked to determine what leads to the formation of an ionic bond with H g 2 + . Ionic bonds are formed due to the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. H g 2 + is a cation with a +2 charge, so it will form an ionic bond with an anion (negatively charged ion).
Analyzing the Options Let's analyze the given options:
A noble gas: Noble gases are generally unreactive due to their stable electron configurations. They do not typically form ions.
An N H 4 + ion: N H 4 + is a polyatomic cation with a +1 charge. Since both H g 2 + and N H 4 + are positively charged, they will repel each other, not form an ionic bond.
A group 1 element: Group 1 elements (alkali metals) tend to lose one electron to form +1 cations. For example, N a + . Since both H g 2 + and a group 1 element cation are positively charged, they will repel each other, not form an ionic bond.
An S O 4 2 − ion: S O 4 2 − is a polyatomic anion with a -2 charge. The electrostatic attraction between the +2 charge of H g 2 + and the -2 charge of S O 4 2 − will lead to the formation of an ionic bond.
Conclusion Therefore, the attraction of an S O 4 2 − ion leads to the formation of an ionic bond with H g 2 + .
Examples
Ionic bonds are crucial in many chemical compounds, like table salt (NaCl). In the case of H g 2 + and S O 4 2 − , the formation of mercury(II) sulfate ( H g S O 4 ) is an example of an ionic compound. This compound can be used in various applications, such as in certain types of batteries or as a catalyst in chemical reactions. Understanding ionic bond formation helps predict the properties and uses of such compounds.
Ionic bonds form between oppositely charged ions; thus, H g 2 + will form an ionic bond with an S O 4 2 − ion due to their opposite charges. The chosen option is D: the attraction of an S O 4 2 − ion.
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