The balanced equation for the reaction occurring when calcium nitrate solution is mixed with sodium phosphate solution is:
[tex]3 Ca ( NO _3)_2( aq )+2 Na _3 PO _4( aq ) \rightarrow Ca _3( PO _4)_2( aq )+6 NaNO _3( aq )[/tex].
[tex]3 Ca ( NO _3)_2( aq )+2 Na _3 PO _4( aq ) \rightarrow Ca _3( PO _4)_2(s)+6 NaNO _3( aq )[/tex].
[tex]2 Ca ( NO _3)_2( aq )+3 Na _3 PO _4( aq ) \rightarrow 2 Ca _3( PO _4)_2(s)+6 NaNO _3( aq )[/tex].
[tex]3 CaNO _3( aq )+ Na _3 PO _4( aq ) \rightarrow Ca _3 PO _4( aq )+3 NaNO _3(s)[/tex].
[tex]Ca ( NO _3)_2( aq )+2 NaPO _4( aq ) \rightarrow Ca ( PO _4)_2(s)+2 NaNO _3( aq )[/tex].
Answer (2)
The problem requires identifying the correct balanced chemical equation.
Examine each equation to ensure the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides.
Check that calcium phosphate is represented as a solid (s).
The correct balanced equation is: 3 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q ) .
Explanation
Understanding the Requirements We need to identify the correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium nitrate solution and sodium phosphate solution. A balanced equation has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides. Also, calcium phosphate is insoluble and forms a solid precipitate.
Analyzing the First Equation Let's examine the first equation: 3 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( a q ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q )
Ca: 3 on both sides
N: 3 * 2 = 6 on the left, 6 on the right
O: 3 * 2 * 3 + 2 * 4 = 18 + 8 = 26 on the left, 4 * 2 + 6 * 3 = 8 + 18 = 26 on the right
Na: 2 * 3 = 6 on the left, 6 on the right
P: 2 on the left, 2 on the right However, calcium phosphate should be a solid, not aqueous.
Analyzing the Second Equation Let's examine the second equation: 3 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q )
Ca: 3 on both sides
N: 3 * 2 = 6 on the left, 6 on the right
O: 3 * 2 * 3 + 2 * 4 = 18 + 8 = 26 on the left, 4 * 2 + 6 * 3 = 8 + 18 = 26 on the right
Na: 2 * 3 = 6 on the left, 6 on the right
P: 2 on the left, 2 on the right This equation is balanced, and calcium phosphate is a solid.
Analyzing the Third Equation Let's examine the third equation: 2 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 3 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → 2 C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q )
Ca: 2 on the left, 2 * 3 = 6 on the right. This equation is not balanced.
Analyzing the Fourth Equation Let's examine the fourth equation: 3 C a N O 3 ( a q ) + N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) + 3 N a N O 3 ( s )
Ca: 3 on the left, 3 on the right
N: 3 on the left, 3 on the right
O: 3 * 3 + 4 = 13 on the left, 4 + 3 * 3 = 13 on the right
Na: 3 on the left, 3 on the right
P: 1 on the left, 1 on the right However, calcium phosphate should be C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 , not C a 3 P O 4 . Also, sodium nitrate should be aqueous, not solid.
Analyzing the Fifth Equation Let's examine the fifth equation: C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a P O 4 ( a q ) → C a ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 2 N a N O 3 ( a q )
Ca: 1 on both sides
N: 2 on the left, 2 on the right
O: 6 + 8 = 14 on the left, 8 + 6 = 14 on the right
Na: 2 on both sides
P: 2 on both sides This equation is balanced. However, the formula for sodium phosphate is incorrect. It should be N a 3 P O 4 , not N a P O 4 .
Conclusion The second equation is the correct balanced equation: 3 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q )
Examples
In wastewater treatment, understanding the balanced chemical equation for reactions like calcium nitrate with sodium phosphate is crucial. This reaction forms calcium phosphate, a solid precipitate that can be removed from the water. By knowing the stoichiometry of the reaction, engineers can determine the exact amounts of chemicals needed to efficiently remove phosphates, preventing eutrophication in natural water bodies. This ensures that the treatment process is both effective and economical, contributing to environmental protection.
The correct balanced equation for the reaction of calcium nitrate with sodium phosphate is: 3 C a ( N O 3 ) 2 ( a q ) + 2 N a 3 P O 4 ( a q ) → C a 3 ( P O 4 ) 2 ( s ) + 6 N a N O 3 ( a q ) . It is crucial that calcium phosphate is indicated as a solid (s). Other options are incorrect due to imbalances or incorrect representations of reactants/products.
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