1. 2.1 The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions 2. 2.2 Monomers of DNA and RNA 3. 2.3 A hormone that triggers ovulation 4. 2.4 The stage of protein synthesis during which mRNA is formed from DNA 5. 2.5 A human disorder caused by non-disjunction of chromosome pair 21 6. 2.6 The sex-linked disease resulting in the inability of the blood to clot due to the lack of a blood clotting factor 7. 2.7 Type of DNA which can be used in tracing female ancestry 3. Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Write A only, B only, both A and B, or none next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.3) in the ANSWER BOOK. | COLUMN I | COLUMN II | |---|---| | 1.3.1 The receptor(s) that create(s) impulses to be sent to the cerebrum | A Organ of Corti B Maculae | | 1.3.2 Each gamete receives only one allele for each characteristic | A Mendel's principle of segregation B Mendel's principle of independent assortment |
Answer (1)
Here's a detailed explanation of each of the questions:
2.1 The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions is the autonomic nervous system . This system regulates bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. It is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
2.2 Monomers of DNA and RNA The monomers of DNA and RNA are called nucleotides . Each nucleotide is composed of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base.
2.3 A hormone that triggers ovulation The hormone that triggers ovulation is called luteinizing hormone (LH) . This hormone is released from the anterior pituitary gland and causes the mature ovarian follicle to release an egg during the menstrual cycle.
2.4 The stage of protein synthesis during which mRNA is formed from DNA This stage is called transcription . During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA, which then carries the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
2.5 A human disorder caused by non-disjunction of chromosome pair 21 The disorder caused by non-disjunction of chromosome pair 21 is Down syndrome . Non-disjunction occurs when chromosome 21 fails to separate during the formation of the egg or sperm, leading to an individual having three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21).
2.6 The sex-linked disease resulting in the inability of the blood to clot due to the lack of a blood clotting factor This disease is known as hemophilia . Hemophilia is typically inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern and results in prolonged bleeding due to the lack of clotting factors, such as Factor VIII or IX.
2.7 Type of DNA which can be used in tracing female ancestry The type of DNA used in tracing female ancestry is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) . Unlike nuclear DNA, mtDNA is inherited only through the mother, allowing for tracking of maternal lineage.
1.3.1 The receptor(s) that create(s) impulses to be sent to the cerebrum A only: The Organ of Corti refers to the receptor organ in the inner ear responsible for creating auditory impulses which are sent to the cerebrum.
1.3.2 Each gamete receives only one allele for each characteristic A only: This statement aligns with Mendel's principle of segregation, which explains that during the formation of gametes, the alleles for a gene segregate so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene characteristic.
