Explain the role of energy in changes of state.
Answer (2)
A liquid requires enthalpy of vaporization to transform into vapor or gas at its boiling point. Here the element absorbs heat from surroundings or heat source.
This energy is used in breaking the forces of attraction among the atoms and molecules of the element. The molecules get separated to higher distances. The energy is converted in to the kinetic energy of the molecules in gaseous form and into the internal energy in terms of the temperature of the gas.
Energy is essential in changes of state, as it is absorbed to break intermolecular forces during melting and boiling, and released when substances condense or freeze. Each phase change involves specific energy terms, like the latent heat of fusion or vaporization. During these processes, temperature remains constant despite energy transfer, highlighting energy's role in state changes.
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